How do you clone something?
1. Isolate donor nucleus
Isolate the nucleus from a non-reproductive (somatic) cell of an adult animal. This is done by using a suction device to poke through the cell membrane and capture the nucleus.
2. Get an unfertilized egg
Get an unfertilized reproductive cell from the female animal. Many of these cells may be needed because some will not survive the entirety of the cloning process.
3. Remove eggs nucleus
Remove the eggs nucleus with a suction device. This step is very similar to step one.
4. Insert donor nucleus
Insert the nucleus, with its complete genetic material, isolated from the donor animal from step 1 into the egg cell that has no nuclear material.
5. Place egg into womb
Place the egg into the females womb. Only a small percentage of eggs will survive after this step. If the offspring is born it is genetically identical to the donor sheep
Isolate the nucleus from a non-reproductive (somatic) cell of an adult animal. This is done by using a suction device to poke through the cell membrane and capture the nucleus.
2. Get an unfertilized egg
Get an unfertilized reproductive cell from the female animal. Many of these cells may be needed because some will not survive the entirety of the cloning process.
3. Remove eggs nucleus
Remove the eggs nucleus with a suction device. This step is very similar to step one.
4. Insert donor nucleus
Insert the nucleus, with its complete genetic material, isolated from the donor animal from step 1 into the egg cell that has no nuclear material.
5. Place egg into womb
Place the egg into the females womb. Only a small percentage of eggs will survive after this step. If the offspring is born it is genetically identical to the donor sheep
How does organ cloning differ from other kinds of cloning?
Therapeutic cloning is the one scientists hope will be successful for organ cloning. This would be done by extracting DNA from the person receiving the transplant. Then DNA is inserted into an enucleated egg. After the egg (now with the donors DNA) begins to divide, the embryotic stem cells are harvested. These are the cells that can be developed in to any type of cell. Those cells can can then be grown into the complete organ or tissue for the donor and will be a full genetic match (in theory). This organ cloning would eliminate the need for anti-rejection drugs than can cause many problems with donor recipients.